Chinese sayings: 57 (能者為師 / 能者为师)

 

能者為師 / 能者为师

néng zhě wéi shī

"able person act-as teacher"

    This is a saying from 禮記 / 礼记 / Liji / The Book of Rites, which shows the high esteem in which teachers are held in the Chinese culture.  (For confirmation from one party, read:  https://piccola-chinita.blogspot.com/2012/03/old-man-in-chinatown-london-uk.html.)

    For contrast, I offer an oft-cited saying in English (apparently erroneously interpreted as derogatory towards the teaching profession):  "Those who can, do.  Those who can't, teach."

禮記 / 礼记 / Liji / The Book of Rites

(from googling) 

(traditional character version) 儒家「五經」之一，記錄了周朝的社會制度、儀式和禮儀行為。

(simplified character version) 儒家“五经”之一，记录了周朝的社会制度、仪式和礼仪行为。

(google translate) One of the Five Classics of Confucianism, it records the social system, rituals, and etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty.

(from googling) Quote The Book of Rites is a collection of texts primarily composed, compiled, and edited between the Warring States period (475–221 B.C.E.) and the early Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E. – 220 C.E.).  While traditional views suggest it was compiled by Confucius's disciples, it was recompiled in the early Han after the "Burning of the Books". Unquote

(traditional character version)

「能者為師」出自《禮記·學記》，原文為「能博喻，然後能為師」。意為會的人就當老師，即誰會就向誰學習，主張不拘一格選拔人才，誰擁有知識、技藝或經驗，誰就可以成為老師，強調了向有長處的人學習的思想。

(simplified character version)

“能者为师”出自《礼记·学记》，原文为“能博喻，然后能为师”。意为会的人就当老师，即谁会就向谁学习，主张不拘一格选拔人才，谁拥有知识、技艺或经验，谁就可以成为老师，强调了向有长处的人学习的思想。

(google translate)

Quote

The phrase "the capable are teachers" comes from the Book of Rites, specifically the chapter on learning. The original text reads, "One who can use extensive analogies can then be a teacher." It means that anyone who is capable should be a teacher, and that one should learn from whoever is skilled. It advocates selecting talent without being bound by convention, and that anyone with knowledge, skills, or experience can become a teacher, emphasizing the idea of ​​learning from those who have strengths.

Unquote

(from googling)

Quote

The phrase "Those who can, do; those who can't, teach" is generally attributed to Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw in his 1903 play Man and Superman.  It appeared in his "Maxims for Revolutionists" appendix as: "He who can, does. He who cannot, teaches".  Shaw was referring specifically to revolutionaries, not school teachers.  It is often cited as "Those who can, do; those who can't, teach" or "Those who can, do; those who can't, teach; those who can't teach, teach gym".  The phrase is often considered a derivative of a similar, more complimentary sentiment attributed to Aristotle: "Those who can, do; those who understand, teach".  The saying is frequently used to disparage the teaching profession, implying it is a "consolation prize" for failing in a professional field.  Despite its popularity, many argue the sentiment is inaccurate because teaching itself is a form of "doing" that requires specialized skill.

Unquote

Chinese sayings: 56 (驢唇馬嘴 / 驴唇马嘴)

驢唇馬嘴 / 驴唇马嘴

lǘ chún mǎ zuǐ

"donkey lip horse mouth"

This saying means a misfit / mismatch (to the norm / standard / logic / reasoning, to what's expected / asked for):  a donkey's lips will not fit a horse's mouth

(from googling)

(traditional character version)

Quote

比喻答非所問、兩不相合、互不連貫或前後矛盾，常用於批評說話或做事不合邏輯、不著邊際。它常用來形容人說的話或者做的舉動非常荒謬。

Unquote

(simplified character version)  

Quote 

比喻答非所问、两不相合、互不连贯或前后矛盾，常用于批评说话或做事不合逻辑、不着边际。它常用来形容人说的话或者做的举动非常荒谬。

Unquote

(google translate)

Quote

This metaphor describes an answer that is irrelevant, contradictory, incoherent, or self-contradictory. It is often used to criticize speech or actions that are illogical or irrelevant. It is frequently used to describe someone's words or actions as utterly absurd.

Unquote

    When I first came across this saying, my immediate interpretation was that it's a description of an ugly person -- having a donkey's lips and a horse's mouth.  I was quite disappointed to find that I was wrong.

    Then, only a few weeks ago, when I trotted it out to my Tuesday group students and asked them for their interpretation, one of them said she thought it was about someone extremely ugly!  A kindred spirit in perverse humour!

Chinese sayings: 55 (苗而不秀)

苗而不秀

miáo ér bù xiù

"seedling but not showy"

    This is from the Analects.

(from googling) The Analects were compiled by Confucius's disciples and their followers over roughly 200–300 years, primarily during the Warring States period (c. 475–221 BC).  While initial collections began shortly after Confucius's death in 479 BC, the text likely achieved its final form during the early Han dynasty.  Recent, earlier manuscript discoveries date back to before 300 BC.

(traditional character version) 《論語·子罕》：「苗而不秀者有矣夫!」原意指莊稼只長苗而不抽穗。後用「苗而不秀」比喻天資雖好，但沒有成就；也比喻徒有其表，華而不實。

(simplified characer version)《论语·子罕》：「苗而不秀者有矣夫!」原意指庄稼只长苗而不抽穗。后用「苗而不秀」比喻天资虽好，但没有成就；也比喻徒有其表，华而不实。

(google translate) Quote The Analects of Confucius, Zihan: "There are indeed crops that sprout but do not bloom!" Originally, this meant that crops only sprout but do not produce ears of grain. Later, "sprout but not bloom" became a metaphor for having good talent but not achieving anything; it also means having only outward appearances and being flashy but not substantial. Unquote

    I see this saying being a good summary of my life in terms of having some talent but not achieving anything.

    My performance at school and at work had been good, but I had never wanted to go for anything high.

    At age 13, I was offered a class monitorship but turned it down, much to the surprise and incomprehension of my form teacher, who asked for an explanation.  After all, it was a prestigious post which would also earn me an extra point on my school record.  I said, "I don't like bossing people around."

    At age 29, my name was recommended by three academics when a merchant bank director came to SOAS (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London) looking for a new or to-be graduate in Chinese or Japanese to work for them in Hong Kong or Tokyo.  The three academics were the then-Head of Chinese, the then-Head of Japanese, plus my classical Chinese tutor whose daughter had worked for the merchant bank in Hong Kong and come back after a few years with enough money to buy a flat in Notting Hill cash down.

    My first thought, instead, was, "I don't want to be wearing a pin-striped suit and high heels five days a week."  I chose instead to remain at the TV documentary film company which had just taken me on for their 12-part series on China (The Heart of the Dragon), after which I drifted into part-time teaching, again only because I was approached by the person who was then standing in for the co-ordinator of the evening programme Mandarin classes.

    How would life have been if I'd chosen to go and work for the merchant bank?  Born to be a drifter...

Chinese sayings: 54 (毁舟为杕 duo4 / paddle)

毀舟為杕 / 毁舟为杕

huǐ zhōu wéi duò

"destroy boat make paddle"

    The meaning of this is clear from the literal breakdown.

    The source is:  《淮南子·說林》/《淮南子·说林》) / A Forest of Persuasions / Discussions, Huainanzi, 179–122 BC, [from googling] Quote a comprehensive, encyclopedic text, often termed a Daoist "inner book," that synthesizes Daoist, Confucianist, and Legalist thought to guide rulers. Unquote

Explanation (from googling)

(traditional character version) 將船隻拆解改製成船舵，比喻「毀大物為小物」，指人因主觀喜好或愚蠢短見，而做出浪費資源或本末倒置的決策。該成語源自《淮南子·說林》，常用於批評隨心所欲、缺乏整體規劃的行為。

(simplified character version) 将船只拆解改制成船舵，比喻“毁大物为小物”，指人因主观喜好或愚蠢短见，而做出浪费资源或本末倒置的决策。该成语源自《淮南子·说林》，常用于批评随心所欲、缺乏整体规划的行为。

(google translate) Quote Dismantling a ship and converting it into a rudder is a metaphor for "ruining something large for something small," referring to decisions made due to subjective preferences or foolish shortsightedness that waste resources or put the cart before the horse. This idiom originates from the *Huainanzi* and is often used to criticize impulsive and unplanned behavior. Unquote

    This was exactly one of my father's harebrained moves, buying a sheet of steel that he'd seen at a timber yard which he felt was a wise purchase because "it will never rust" although he had no idea what to use it for at the time.  For the details, read https://piccola-chinita.blogspot.com/2011/07/it-will-never-rust.html.

How to get rid of mosquitoes, gnats and cockroaches

Reader and old friend Valerio wants to know how to get rid of mosquitoes, gnats and cockroaches.

    Growing up in Singapore, I'd had my share of mossies and cockroaches.

    Mossies love me in any country, any part of the world:  Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, Finland, Japan, France, Spain -- to name a few where mosquitoes have feasted on me.  In Finland, I was invited to an outdoor summer lunch party at the country cottage of my Finnish friends.  Got back to my Helsinki hotel to find 35 bite bumps in one leg and 37 in the other.  It being Sunday evening, there wasn't a pharmacy open, so I had to ask the hotel for a bowl of ice cubes to rub on the bumps to ease the itching and swelling.  As a child, I was often consoled by people telling me I had intelligent blood.

    So, my having fallen prey to mossies everywhere would say that I'm not the right person to ask about deterring them.  I can, therefore, only offer some ideas, which may or may not work.

Mosquitoes and gnats:  try the wine bottle residue trick for fruit flies (https://piccola-chinita.blogspot.com/2026/03/how-to-trap-fruit-flies.html).

Googling also nets this response:  

Quote gnats—particularly fruit flies—are strongly attracted to the smell of wine, beer, and fruity or sugary scents. They are drawn to fermentation and rotting organic matter, making open wine bottles, overripe fruit, and sugary drinks ideal targets. Leaving wine dregs in a bottle is a common trap, as the aroma attracts them, and they become trapped inside. Unquote

Quote mosquitoes are attracted to fruity scents (mango, banana) and the smell of alcohol/wine, which can make you a more appealing target. Alcohol increases ethanol in sweat and raises body temperature, drawing them in. They are also attracted to floral/sweet perfumes, lotions, and soap. Unquote

Cockroaches:  maybe have the wine bottle lying on its side (horizontally) for them to get in.  I don't know what cockroaches like, but I've heard that rotting fruit like plums have a high alcoholic content, so bees/wasps/hornets that feed on rotting fruit in the garden often get so drunk they can't fly.  Maybe throw an overripe plum into the horizontal bottle, leave it to rot in there, and see if cockroaches will go for it.

(from googling) Quote cockroaches are strongly attracted to the smell of wine, beer, and fermented liquids, as well as sugary, fruity, and starchy scents. Fermenting alcohol acts like a magnet, while sweet, decaying fruit odors signal easily accessible food. Conversely, they are repelled by citrus, mint, and strong, fresh scents. Unquote

Mosquitoes:  one method that's supposed to help (deter them from feeding on you) is to take Vit.B7 or B12, but googling tells me "there's no scientific evidence".  For sleeping, the best is a mosquito net, which is very common out in the tropics (and other parts of China), but you'd still need a solution for when you're not able to stay in bed.

Flies:  the French farm that I used to go to and a restaurant in S.E. China hang sticky glue paper from the ceiling for the huge population of flies they get, but it looks gruesome with the flies stuck to them -- you have to leave them there for a while, as you can't keep replacing them.  If you want to try them (if you have beams), make sure they're above the top of your head, so that you don't walk into them.

Flies and mosquitoes:  one common Chinese practice is to hang a bead curtain in the doorway.  Flies and mosquitoes are supposed to be unable to negotiate the bead "wall" which will still allow air to circulate in the hot weather (vs a solid door).

For any flying insects:  I've seen those lamps (that emit a UV light) which attract insects and electrocute them.  Googling tells me that they're called UV Light Bug Zapper: Quote UV light insect traps use 365nm wavelength tubes to attract flies, mosquitoes, and moths, killing them via high-voltage grids or adhesive boards. Suitable for indoor/outdoor use, popular models include AspectEK and FanFuGuo 20W lamps. They offer a chemical-free, hygienic pest solution, often requiring UV bulb replacements every 12 months for maximum efficiency. Unquote

(From googling in Chinese; translation by google translate)

Cockroaches:  自然处理蟑螂的核心在于“物理阻隔+天然毒饵+驱赶气味”。最有效的方法包括：用硼酸+砂糖（1:1）制成毒饵；利用小苏打+砂糖诱杀；使用肥皂水直接喷杀；以及在角落放置薰衣草、薄荷、香茅或柠檬精油 以驱赶它们。同时，保持家居环境干燥和清洁是根除的关键。

The core of natural cockroach control lies in "physical barriers + natural poison bait + odor repellent". The most effective methods include: making poison bait with boric acid and sugar (1:1); using baking soda and sugar to lure and kill them; spraying directly with soapy water; and placing lavender, peppermint, lemongrass, or lemon essential oils in corners to repel them. At the same time, keeping the home environment dry and clean is key to eradication.

Mosquitoes: 使用自然方法处理蚊子，核心在于“物理阻隔”、“环境清理”和“天然驱避”：安装纱窗、蚊帐以阻隔蚊子；清除花盆、水缸等处的积水以杜绝滋生；利用香茅、薄荷、迷迭香等驱蚊植物 或艾叶、柑橘皮点燃产生烟雾来驱赶；同时使用电蚊拍或捕蚊灯辅助杀灭。

The core of using natural methods to deal with mosquitoes lies in "physical barriers," "environmental cleanup," and "natural repellency": installing screens and mosquito nets to block mosquitoes; removing stagnant water from flower pots, water tanks, etc. to prevent breeding; using mosquito-repelling plants such as citronella, mint, and rosemary, or burning mugwort and citrus peels to produce smoke to repel them; and using electric mosquito swatters or mosquito lamps to assist in killing them.

How to trap sea fish (Singapore)

This is a method of night sea fishing using a kelong -- a Malay word for a fishing platform sitting out at sea on stilts.

(from googling)

Quote

A kelong is a traditional offshore wooden fishing platform or stilts-based structure commonly found in the waters of Malaysia, the Philippines, and Indonesia, used for fishing, fish farming, and sometimes as a dwelling. These structures are typically built using timber, nibong palm, and rattan, and are often used to catch fish by, for example, lowering large nets at night.

Unquote

    It works, in principle, like how the wine bottle traps fruit flies -- see blog https://piccola-chinita.blogspot.com/2026/03/how-to-trap-fruit-flies.html.

    As bait, a lamp is suspended over the submerged net (like the residual wine at the bottom of the bottle), which the fish all around can see in the dark sea.  The fish will swim towards the light, but once there, they can't see their way out.  The fisherman just has to raise the net at regular intervals.

    Back in 1973 or 1974, one of my maternal cousins owned a kelong, so my eldest sister, who was always coming up with novel ways for her group of friends to spend their weekends, approached him about letting her and her friends spend Saturday evening there.  I tagged along with a friend (Cheok Ah Hua from secretarial school).

    We arrived just after dark (which is 6.30/7pm in Singapore, one degree north of the equator).

    My cousin's kelong had raised walkways (on stilts) around the rectangular area where the net sat in the water.

    On the side of one walkway was an extension which housed the fisherman's sleeping quarters.

    On the side of another walkway was an extension which housed the kitchen and a room next to it, where my sister and her friends set up a table for mahjong and one for poker, for them to party through the night.

    Ah Hua and I went to another walkway where we lay down to watch the starry sky and listen to the lapping of the sea water against the stilts -- and doze off within no time at all, as it was nice and cool in the tropical setting.

    Every two hours or so, the fisherman would get up from his nap and raise the net.  My sister and her friends would pick what they liked from the catch, e.g., prawns, squid.  The sea food was so fresh that it was tasty as it was without much cooking needed.  We could just rub the prawns between our palms to partly cook them (and eat straightaway), or dip the squid briefly into boiling water, then into our mouths.

    The next morning, a Malay man in a sarong and a sampan boat approached the kelong. 

    It turned out that he had a long-standing arrangement with the kelong.  Every x months, he'd come along and scrape off the mussels growing on the kelong stilts in return for a sampan-load of mussels which he'd take back to shore, to shell and dry in the sun -- either for his own consumption or to sell somewhere.  What timing!  What a treat it was for us to be present to watch this cleaning process, as (according to AI) it takes something like "6–12 months for mussels to grow to marketable size" for tropical waters.

    Ah Hua and I lay on our tummies on the floor of the fisherman's sleeping quarters, stuck our heads out of an opening in the wall that came down to the bottom of the floor, and watched the proceedings right below us.

    The man removed his sarong, and dived into the water.  No goggles/mask, snorkel or a swimming cap.  Very simple mode of operation, which is enough in tropical waters.

    Within a few minutes, he surfaced with a cluster of mussels (yes, they grow in clusters, primarily for stability against waves, among other things), which he tossed into his sampan.  This was repeated until he'd filled the first sampan, which the kelong man then emptied (for the kelong).

    Something like another three or four loads later, the Malay man went back to shore with the last load for himself.

    Such a simplistic life style.

    Googling kelong tells me that:  Quote Many are now tourist destinations offering rustic, off-grid fishing stays.  Unquote

    I must've been one of the last to have experienced the kelong as a real-life work concept.  Maybe my eldest sister was to blame for having used it for a novel Saturday night party experience, with everyone following suit...

(Singapore, 1973 or 1974)

sampan:  [from googling] traditional, flat-bottomed Asian wooden boats (8–30 ft) with optional shelters, often used for coastal transport or as homes

How to trap fruit flies

Fruit flies have an incredible sense of smell.  It takes about two seconds (if not one) for them to zoom over to the source of something like a fruity smell -- as I've discovered from experience, as soon as I start to peel an orange or open a bottle of wine.

    For trapping them, I have used plastic bottles with a wide mouth, filling the bottles with some bait like fruit peel or fruit-infused liquid.

    I also add things like stones of fruit to shake around to kill them once they get in.

    The latest is wine.  It sounds like an expensive way to go about catching fruit flies, but one doesn't completely get rid of the contents of a wine bottle, even after tipping the bottle over to let it drip out as much of the liquid as possible, so that can be your bait.  Add a bit of water to give the fruit flies a pool of water to fall into.  Even very diluted wine, and sitting at the bottom of a 75cl bottle, will have a strong enough smell to attract them.

    Leaving a wine bottle sitting around after pouring out the contents for yourself works well because the fruit flies will home in on the bottle and travel down to the bottom.  For some reason, they don't seem to be able to find their way up and out of the 75cl bottle.  Maybe it's too far up for them to fly, and the mouth is also too small for them to find the exit?

    No work needed at all after this -- except to drink the wine...  (For non-wine drinkers, maybe use fruit juice or vinegar.  Again, only a small amount will be enough, even diluted.)